Reincarnation

What is reincarnation?

First of all, an understanding of what incarnation means is required before reincarnation can be defined. Incarnation may be described as the process of taking on a physical form or becoming embodied in flesh. Based on this definition, reincarnation can be understood as a second incarnation, or the occurrence of more than one incarnation. In this process, the human spirit becomes embodied in flesh or takes on a physical form.

What triggers incarnation?

The conscious wish of the human spirit, at its point of origin, to experience, develop, mature, attain self‑consciousness, and help further Creation is what triggers incarnation.

How does incarnation occur?

The transition of the human spirit from an unconscious state to a conscious state triggers its automatic ejection from its sphere of origin - the spiritual realm. This ejection is akin to sowing a seed: the seed is the human spirit, while the host soil is a material substance called the World.

In the process of descending into this soil - the material World - the human spirit takes on multiple coverings at different levels of descent, until it finally assumes the human body visible on Earth through the process of childbirth.

What triggers reincarnation?

Reincarnation is triggered by humanity’s inability to fully align its free will with the Natural Laws of Creation.

What are The Natural Laws of Creation?

The Natural Laws of Creation are the manifestation of the Will of our Creator within Creation. Creation came into existence through this Will, and the human spirit is one of its creatures. The Will of our Creator sustains everything in Creation; without this sustenance, all would cease to exist.

This Will manifests in Creation as Laws, referred to as the Natural Laws of Creation, the Laws of Nature, or the Primordial Laws of Creation. These Laws denote order and harmony in Creation. There are three fundamental Laws: the Law of Homogeneity (like attracts like), the Law of Gravity (the heavy descends while the light ascends), and the Law of Reciprocity (you reap what you sow).

The human spirit issued from the Will of the Creator and is automatically subject to these Laws.

These Laws continuously confront the human spirit in all its endeavours and provide help when the spirit aligns its free will with them. Any human spirit that misaligns its free will - either consciously or unconsciously - with the Laws of Creation gives rise to disorder and disharmony.

Since Creation is an embodiment of law, order, and harmony, any creature within it that acts contrary to this design becomes a disagreeable guest. Whenever such a guest uses its free will in a harmful or discordant manner, the Laws of Creation automatically act to restore order, harmony, and balance.

The automatic effect of the Laws of Creation may not manifest immediately in some cases, but this does not mean it will never manifest. Every action - including thoughts - will always return to its point of origin, regardless of the time taken, because every action is energy which takes on a new form.

What is the importance of reincarnation?

Reincarnation affords the human spirit a new opportunity to atone for misaligning its free will with the Natural Laws of Creation and to subsequently align its will with these Laws through experience. Reincarnation is one of the by‑products of the Laws of Creation. Love and Justice cannot be fully understood without reincarnation, for the Will of our Creator is Divine Love and Divine Justice, manifesting as the Laws of Creation. Divine Love and Divine Justice are one and the same.

Is there a fixed time for reincarnation?

Yes, there is a fixed time for reincarnation; therefore, the human spirit does not reincarnate indefinitely in the World of Matter. The World - likened to soil for planting or a foundation for building - into which the human spirit has descended, is composed of both visible and invisible sections. The planet Earth is an example of a visible part, while the invisible parts consist of certain aspects of the Gross Material World and the Ethereal World.

The World as a whole, broadly divided into Gross Material and Ethereal substances, is subject to an eternal cycle of Creation, referred to as the Law of Evolution and Dissolution. This Law dictates that the World of Matter, and every substance within it, must pass through the stages of evolution and dissolution, leading to re‑formation for further development.

The image to keep in mind is that of a conveyor belt system, designed to transport products from one location to another in a continuous loop. In this analogy, the eternal cycle of Creation is the conveyor belt, while the World of Matter is the product moving through the loop.

The goal of the human spirit in the Material World is to learn through experience, to recognise the Will of the Creator in Creation, and to align its free will with the Natural Laws of Creation within the allotted time. This process of experiencing constitutes the evolution of the human spirit, and through it, the spirit comes to recognise the Laws of Creation, which reflect the Will of our Creator.

The allotted time refers to the period before a particular part of the World of Matter is funnelled into disintegration and a new formation begins. Failure to attain this recognition within the given time burdens the human spirit. This burden acts as a weight, dragging the spirit down - a barrier that prevents it from ascending back to its point of origin, the spiritual realm.

The spiritual realm exists outside the World of Matter. What is generally referred to as death in the physical world is, in reality, the discarding of an outer covering that the human spirit used as a tool for spiritual development on Earth. Death in the visible world is, in truth, birth into the invisible world, and the human spirit is automatically transported to one of several regions in the beyond, in strict accordance with the Natural Laws of Creation.

Through the Divine Love and Justice of our Creator, the human spirit is granted more than one opportunity to attain this recognition, whether in the visible or invisible world. It is offered further opportunities - in different bodies, races, environments, and circumstances - to continue experiencing and evolving; hence the term reincarnation.

A human spirit that fails to attain this recognition within the allotted time for the part of the World in which it is bound will be drawn into disintegration along with that part of the World when it undergoes this process. This disintegration is what is generally referred to as the Last Judgement.

Observable cycles in the World

There are other cycles in the material world that emulate the eternal cycle of Creation. These cycles display consistency, order, harmony, and a replication of the eternal cycle, albeit on smaller scales. Such cyclic processes highlight order as a fundamental structure of Creation.

Many human social structures that help maintain societal order are also cyclical in nature, operating in repeating patterns rather than in a straight, one‑way progression. Sociologists and historians have long observed that certain systems, institutions, and cultural patterns tend to rise, transform, decline, and then re‑emerge in similar forms over time. This is the essence of social cycle theory.

Both the judicial/legal (rehabilitation) system and the educational system are, at their core, self‑correcting mechanisms designed to improve individuals and society over time. They operate in different domains - law and learning - but share a common purpose: to identify shortcomings, address them, and create conditions for growth and better outcomes. Together, they form a mutually reinforcing cycle of societal progress. In each system, progression is conditional upon demonstrated change or mastery, and the cycle repeats until the required standard is met.

• Judicial System (Correction and Improvement): The judicial system is not only about punishment; it is also about rectifying wrongs, rehabilitating individuals, and refining mundane law. The judicial system corrects injustice and improves legal frameworks.

  • Judicial/Rehabilitation Cycle:

    • Assessment - The convict’s behaviour, rehabilitation progress, and attitude (including remorse) are evaluated.

    • Failure to meet standard - If they have not shown remorse or addressed the causes of their offence, release is denied.

    • Rehabilitation work - They may engage in therapy, education, vocational training, or restorative justice programmes.

    • Reassessment - Parole boards or review panels evaluate progress again.

    • Release - Only when they demonstrate change and reduced risk to society are they released.

    • Cycle repeats - If reoffending occurs, the process starts again, often with stricter conditions.

  The judicial system uses repeated evaluation to ensure that release is tied to rehabilitation, not just the passage of time.

• Educational System (Correction and Improvement): Education is inherently a developmental process, designed to correct gaps in knowledge, skills, and social understanding, while continuously improving teaching methods and curricula. The educational system corrects ignorance and improves human potential.

  • Education Cycle:

    • Assessment - The pupil is tested to determine whether they have mastered the required knowledge or skills.

    • Failure to meet standard - If they fail, they remain in the same class or repeat the subject.

    • Remediation - They receive further teaching, practice, and support to address weaknesses.

    • Reassessment - They are tested again.

    • Progression - Only when they meet the standard do they move to the next level.

    • Cycle repeats - At each new level, the process begins again.

  The educational system ensures that advancement is based on readiness, not just time served. Each loop reinforces learning and prevents gaps from compounding.

• Common principles in both systems:

  • Standards before advancement – Whether academic competence or moral/behavioural reform, a threshold must be met.

  • Feedback and correction – Failure triggers targeted intervention aimed at improvement.

  • Readiness as the gatekeeper – Advancement is earned, not automatic.

  • Self-reinforcing loops – Each cycle builds on the last, ideally leading to lasting competence or reform.

• Real-World examples:

  • Education: In many countries, students must pass national exams (e.g. GCSEs in the UK) before advancing to higher education. Failing means retaking courses or exams.

  • Justice: In the UK, parole boards require evidence of remorse and rehabilitation before early release. Prison education programmes have been shown to reduce reoffending rates, creating a loop where learning supports readiness for reintegration.

Some other observable cycles include:

• Nature and Environment

  • Seasons: Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter

  • Day and Night: The 24 hour light-dark rhythm

  • Tides: Rise and fall driven by the moon's pull

  • Water cycle: Evaporation, condensation, precipitation

  • Plant life cycles: Germination, growth, reproduction, decay

• Human Life and Biology

  • Sleep cycles: REM and non-REM stages

  • Menstrual cycles: Hormonal and reproductive rhythm

  • Cell turnover: Skin, blood and other cells constantly renewing

  • Generational cycles: Birth, growth, aging, death

• Society and Culture

  • Economic cycles: Boom, recession, recovery

  • Fashion trends: Styles fading and returning decades later

  • Cultural rituals: Annual festivals, holidays, traditions

• Cosmic and Geological

  • Lunar phases: New moon to full moon and back

  • Planetary orbits: Earth's yearly journey around the sun

  • Star life cycles: Birth in nebulae, main sequence, supernova

Arguments and supporting evidence against reincarnation.

Some schools of thought reject the idea of reincarnation, asserting that human beings live only once on Earth. The following arguments are presented in support of this view:

• Memory gap problem: If reincarnation is real, why don't we retain clear, verifiable memories of past lives?

  • Some people retain clear, verifiable memories of past lives on Earth, while most do not. Others experience only brief flashes of events - commonly referred to as déjà vu. Evidence for those with full recollection is cited below (see Evidence in Support of Reincarnation), whereas brief flashes or a complete lack of recollection can be attributed to several factors.

    One such reason is that full recollection of past lives can lead to stagnation, defeating the purpose of reincarnation. The individual may continually dwell on past events, which can weigh them down with guilt, dread, or foreboding. These emotions cripple the mind and prevent spiritual advancement.

  • Those who recall their past lives on Earth often departed under circumstances such as dying young and in an unnatural or violent way - through accidents, homicide, suicide, or wartime events. The average reported time between the previous death and the child’s birth is only about four and a half years. Another striking similarity among people who recall their past lives is that they are often reborn very close to where that previous life ended. In most cases, the new life begins in the same country as the previous one, and often within 25 km of the former location.

    Departing under such circumstances leaves a strong impression on the human spirit, compelling it to seek reconnection with the physical world. This desire becomes an ardent wish that binds the human spirit to its object of longing. Due to the intensity of these desires, reincarnation can occur within a short period of time. The human spirit, consumed by this urge, is thus able to recall its past life when the opportunity for reincarnation arises.

  • Reincarnation offers an opportunity to make amends. Such opportunities must be faced with courage; therefore, the ability to fully recollect a past life may jeopardise this process, though it does not negate the fact that the sum total of a past life shapes the present one. The environment and circumstances of a person’s birth are the direct result of an accumulation of actions - or inactions - from previous lives. The Natural Laws of Creation automatically place the human spirit in the circumstances it has fashioned for itself.

    The inability to recall a past life does not render it worthless; rather, knowing exactly what needs to be atoned for could hinder atonement, especially if the events of a previous life were frightening or distressing. The human spirit requires multiple experiences to evolve. These experiences - whether in a different creed, race, environment, social position, or gender - continually refine the spirit and broaden its perspectives.

  • Another reason most people cannot recall a past life on Earth is that the human spirit spends the majority of its development and experiences in the invisible world. Only a short, yet decisive, period of time is spent on Earth. Given this, it is easy to understand that the longer one dwells in another environment, the more the memory of the previous one fades.

    This also explains why documented evidence from those who can recall their past lives on Earth shows that the average reported time between the previous death and the child’s birth is only about four and a half years. This suggests that only a very short time was spent in the beyond.

• Identity continuity issue: Personal identity is tied to memory, personality, and bodily continuity. If none of these persist between lives, the 'new' person is not meaningfully the same as the old one - making reincarnation equivalent to the extinction of the original self.

  • Consider the statement: “I have a body.” This implies a possessive relationship and automatically separates the ‘self’ from the ‘body.’ It suggests that the ‘I’ is something distinct from the physical form, further implying that the body is a tool, vessel, or property that the ‘I’ uses or inhabits. This is a phrase often used unconsciously, framing the body as something external to the essential ‘I.’

    In moments of illness, injury, or altered states, people often feel this separation more strongly. The human spirit animates the body, not the reverse. If the body becomes damaged, weak, or worn out, the human spirit will detach - yet this does not erase the original self. The physical body is merely a tool for navigating and experiencing the physical world, providing feedback to the human spirit.

    Memory and personality are non‑physical traits arising from the non‑physical entity we call the “I,” not from the physical tool that is the body. The notion that bodily continuity alone preserves the self is flawed; it is akin to claiming that, because a person has changed their clothes, they are no longer the same person they were before.

• Metempsychosis: The implausibility of a rational human soul inhabiting a non-rational animal body, given the radical difference in nature and capacities.

  • Metempsychosis is the belief in the transmigration of the soul - the idea that when a living being dies, its soul passes into a new body, which could be human, animal, or another form of life. Creation is hierarchical, and within this hierarchy, the origin of the human spirit stands above that of the animal. The human has a spirit, while the animal has a soul.

    The human spirit is the ego of the human being, and it forms the physical body - the human form. This core component of the human being, the spirit, can form only the human body during reincarnation. Likewise, the core component of an animal, the soul, can form only the animal body. The spirit and the soul are of different origins and consistencies; therefore, one cannot attract the other, as they have nothing in common. The Natural Laws in Creation make this impossible.

    During reincarnation, it is the core that is attracted, not the outer covering (i.e., the physical form). According to the Law of Homogeneous Species, the core - the actual species - is drawn to another homogeneous species possessing the same core. The Laws of Nature always follow a logical, orderly, and strict sequence.

  • Another reason the human spirit cannot reincarnate in the form of an animal, insect, tree, or rock is that it is endowed with free will. This is a gift from our Creator, enabling the human spirit to make conscious decisions. Only through this decision‑making process can it mature, evolve, and develop. Without free will, the human spirit cannot evolve.

    The spirit is the only creature endowed with free will. The primary aim of reincarnation is to advance the human spirit through conscious experience, allowing it to make choices. A reincarnation without free will hinders the human spirit, leading to retrogression and ultimately defeating the very purpose of reincarnation.

• Theological objections: Hebrews 9:27: "It is appointed for men to die once, and after that comes judgement".

  • If the above verse is conclusive in its generally accepted literal interpretation, then any other verses describing the resurrection of different individuals would contradict it (e.g., Lazarus in John 11, Jairus’ daughter in Mark 5, the widow’s son in 1 Kings 17, and others). These miracles imply that the individuals concerned experienced two physical deaths. Could this mean that some people are exempt from this rule, or that this particular Bible verse has been incorrectly interpreted?

    Entertaining the idea of exemptions to a rule within a given structure implies that the structure is arbitrary. If a structure is deemed arbitrary, this suggests imperfection or the need for improvement. This, however, is not the case, because Creation as a whole came into existence through the Will of our Creator, which is eternal and inflexible. This Will manifests in Creation as Laws that are perfect, orderly, and consistent. Every creature in Creation is governed by these Laws, meaning there are no exemptions and no arbitrariness.

    The death referred to in Hebrews 9:27 is spiritual, not physical. Man is spirit, not body. The spirit and the body are of different consistencies: the spirit is non‑physical, while the body is physical. The human spirit uses the physical body as a tool to experience and navigate the physical world. If the spirit loses its connection with the body - whether through accident, sickness, old age, or other causes - it abandons the body and continues its journey in the beyond. This severed connection between spirit and body is what is commonly referred to as death.

    The spirit is given multiple opportunities to change its ways through reincarnation. If, after these opportunities, the human spirit is still unable to align its free will with the Natural Laws of Creation, it faces spiritual death—also known as the Last Judgement.

    A physical death can be reversed by those gifted with this ability, provided the silver cord connecting the astral body to the physical body has not been severed. The silver cord is akin to the umbilical cord connecting a mother to her child: one serves a physical function, while the other serves a non‑physical function.

    An understanding of reincarnation also clarifies other Bible verses, such as Matthew 16:28 and Revelation 3:12.

  • And, the knowledge of reincarnation also clarifies questions such as:

    • I did not ask to be born into this World.

    • If I only live once, why was I born under unfavourable circumstances?

    • Why do I get to be judged if I did not contribute to the current state of the World?

    • If justice exists, why do the poorest communities suffer the most from climate disasters they did little to cause?

    • Why do some people receive harsher prison sentences for minor offences while others escape punishment for major crimes because of wealth or influence?

    • If the world is fair, why do millions of children die each year from preventable diseases while luxury industries thrive?

    • If justice is real, why do survivors of sexual violence so often face disbelief, stigma, or retaliation instead of protection?

    • Why do racial and ethnic minorities still face systemic barriers in education, employment, and housing despite laws against discrimination?

    • If fairness prevails, why do corporations that exploit workers or damage the environment frequently go unpunished?

    • If justice governs the world, why do authoritarian leaders who oppress their citizens often remain in power for decades?

    If, as some schools of thought claim, death occurs only once, the questions raised above might incline many toward atheism, since this view implies a disorderly and unjust structure without logical explanation. Understanding the cause and significance of reincarnation resolves these questions.

• Population growth issue: Human numbers have exploded over time; sceptics ask where all the 'extra' souls come from if reincarnation is the only mechanism.

  • The World's population was reported to have reached 8 billion as at 2022. Proponents against reincarnation argue that if reincarnation means the same finite number of souls are reborn again and again, then a sharp rise in human population suggests there aren’t enough “old” souls to fill all the new bodies. They also argue that if the human population has grown from ~1 billion in 1800 to over 8 billion today, where did the extra 7 billion souls come from? Either new souls are being created (contradicting the “fixed number” idea) or reincarnation is false.

    The above viewpoints are presented without considering other factors, such as the existence of multiple realms and the arrival of human spirits from these realms into Earth’s human population at different paces. These realms include the World of Medium Gross Matter, the World of Fine Gross Matter, and the World of Ethereal Matter. Just as a certain number of people are currently present on Earth, an indeterminate number of human spirits exist in these separate realms, evolving, maturing, and awaiting new opportunities for redemption.

    The World of Matter as a whole is now at a stage where spiritual development is accelerating. This acceleration shortens the cycles - the time between cause and effect. In the physical world, this means that those who have contributed to a particular cause, whether through action or inaction, are now reincarnating to partake in the harvest. The seeds (causes) planted in a previous earth life are now bearing fruit (effects), which have simultaneously triggered a high influx of human spirits from different planes in the beyond.

    These harvests take different forms, including industries currently experiencing rapid growth and innovation - driven by technology, shifting consumer needs, and global challenges such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Healthcare Technology (HealthTech), and Cybersecurity and Data Protection. By‑products of these rapidly growing industries include opportunities - whether economic, social, or cultural - that act like magnets, drawing people toward certain locations and creating areas of high population concentration.

    More opportunities attract more human spirits awaiting reincarnation in the beyond, thereby reinforcing the cycle. The picture painted above illustrates how new industries can attract people from all corners of the world, including countries many have never heard of, with populations that vary in size. These individuals migrate with different skills and experiences, hoping both to contribute to and benefit from these new opportunities.

    Failing to take all these factors into account might lead one to wonder where all these people have come from. The same process occurs in the beyond, which consists of different planes inhabited by varying populations. When opportunities arise, they provide simultaneous entry points. In addition, birth rates remained high for decades, and medical advances - especially in the 20th century - significantly reduced mortality rates.

  • Another reason these are not new human spirits inhabiting the Earth is that the World of Matter has reached an advanced stage in its development. It would be unjust to allow new human spirits entry, as they played no part in bringing about the current state of affairs. This is akin to an advanced educational system suddenly admitting newborns into university classes. One can easily see how unjust such a situation would be.

• Absence of observable 'mature' children: If souls carry over experience, we might expect children to display advanced knowledge or skills - yet this is not observed in any consistent, verifiable way.

  • Proof that the human spirit carries over experiences and can display advanced knowledge or skills at a tender age can be observed among child prodigies. A child prodigy is typically under the age of ten and able to produce work in a specific domain at the level of a highly trained adult professional. The child’s abilities may lie in one or more areas. These abilities are the accumulated experiences of a previous existence.

    Such experiences, taking the form of abilities, are talents that the human spirit carries within - developed in a previous earthly life - and, when born into an environment that allows these abilities to unfold, the child is recognised as a prodigy. The reincarnated human spirit, endowed with such abilities, returns to cultivate its talent and reap the rewards, whatever the outcome.

    Each human spirit is gifted with talents that must be developed in the World of Matter. Some human spirits have partially or completely buried their talents, while others have nurtured and refined theirs.

    Among those who have cultivated their talents, there are some whose abilities stand in opposition to the Natural Laws of Creation and, consequently, bring about disharmony. Such gifts or talents are referenced in the Bible in Matthew 25:14–30 and Luke 19:12–27.

    Dr. Ian Stevenson and Jim B. Tucker at the University of Virginia’s Division of Perceptual Studies have documented over 2,500 cases of children recalling past lives, some with specialised skills matching those of the claimed previous identity. In cases where the past-life person is identified, the child’s skills often align with that person’s profession or hobbies, strengthening the argument for continuity of experience. These examples show that “special talents” can appear in many forms and often emerge well before formal schooling. Here are some fascinating real-life examples of children who displayed extraordinary abilities from a very young age:

    • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791): As arguably the most famous child prodigy in history, Mozart began playing the keyboard at age 3 and was composing music by age 5. He performed for European royalty at age 6 and wrote his first symphony at age 9.

    • Thomas "Blind Tom" Wiggins (1849-1908): Born blind and enslaved in Georgia, USA. He could reproduce complex piano pieces after a single hearing by age 4, and toured internationally as a virtuoso.

    • Alma Deutscher (b. 2005): A modern-day "Little Mozart," Alma Deutscher started playing piano at age 2 and violin at age 3. She composed a piano sonata by age 6 and a full opera by age 10.

• Contradiction with genetics: Modern science shows that our traits, behaviours, and even predispositions are heavily influenced by DNA, not by a migrating soul.

  • The human spirit is unique, and no two spirits are the same. This uniqueness - or individuality - is often reflected in the physical body. In the presence of any individual, one can easily sense a certain radiation or aura peculiar to that person. Over time, the spirit develops particular propensities, which draw it toward a homogeneous group exhibiting similar tendencies. However, this similarity in propensities does not diminish the individuality of the spirit. The Law of Homogeneity enforces such congregations, yet the individual remains distinguishable within the group. Although the human spirit belongs to a specific species of creature, there are always aspects of each individual that set them apart from the rest.

    Spiritual abilities are neither inherited nor passed down from parents to offspring. Rather, similar spiritual abilities are naturally drawn to one another and manifest in physical form as family, community, town, or state. The body is a tool employed by the human spirit during its journey on Earth, and the other aspects of the body’s nature are simply visible extensions of these inner propensities.

    From a purely material perspective, one might argue that because a certain group of people share similar DNA and behave in similar ways, it follows that DNA must be responsible for these attributes. Using the same reasoning, one could also claim that a monk is not recognised without a cowl - but does a cowl make a monk? The cowl does not make the monk; rather, monks gather together because they share similar affinities. This is precisely the same kind of reasoning applied when taking a purely materialistic view of DNA.

    During incarnation or reincarnation, the human spirit is drawn toward groups of people who embody similar characteristics. Because the spirit also shapes the body, these inner propensities inevitably manifest in physical form. It is easily observable that an individual might be born into a particular family, sharing similar characteristics with its members; however, years later, that individual may completely disengage from their family of birth because of new perspectives on life. In some cases, certain families are predisposed to specific diseases; however, changes in lifestyle, diet, or environment can lower the risk or eliminate these conditions altogether. If DNA plays a decisive role in traits, behaviours, and predispositions, many people may find it impossible to change course from the path set by their family of birth.

  • Let us consider identical twin who share the same DNA. They show noticeable differences in physical, behavioural, and health-related traits despite sharing the same DNA. Some of such differences include:

    • One may develop seasonal allergies, the other may not.

    • Fingerprints are always unique to each twin despite shared DNA.

    • One individual often assumes a dominant role over the other.

    • Subtle variations in facial symmetry, skin tone, or hair texture.

    • Differences in introversion/extroversion, risk-taking, or empathy.

    • One may experience depression, anxiety, or ADHD while the other does not.

    • Divergence in hobbies, career choices, friends, partners, networks, or creative skills.

  • Let us also consider cloned animals. Just as the core of the human being is the spirit, the core of the animal is the soul. The animal soul also imprints its uniqueness on the physical body, and no two animal souls are the same, even when they possess identical nuclear DNA. This assertion is supported by scientific research showing that cloned animals display differences in behaviour, temperament, and other character traits. The conclusion drawn from these studies is that, although cloning replicates the nuclear genome, behaviour and character are shaped by more than DNA. Two such studies focused on cloned pigs and cloned dogs.

    In the case of cloned pigs, researchers observed behavioural variation: although genetically identical to their donor animals, the pigs differed in both appearance and behaviour. This suggests that non‑genetic factors during development can significantly influence personality and physical traits. In the other study, cognitive and exploratory traits in cloned dogs with identical nuclear genomes were tested for learning, memory, and exploratory behaviour. While the cloned dogs showed more similar patterns than non‑cloned controls, there were still measurable individual differences in performance and activity levels, indicating that identical genetics does not produce perfectly identical behaviour.

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Evidence in support of reincarnation.

Some scholars and investigators have presented verifiable, testable evidence in support of reincarnation. This evidence is often drawn from documented case studies, cross‑cultural research, and controlled investigations. Some of these findings are outlined below.

• I Have Lived Before by Sture Lönnerstrand (Translated by Leslie Kippen) is a book that recounts the famous Shanti Devi case from 1930s India, which is one of the most widely cited and investigated reincarnation cases in modern history. A Swedish journalist (Sture Lönnerstrand) travelled to India as a sceptic to investigate. After interviewing Shanti Devi, her family, and witnesses - and verifying her statements against independent records - he became convinced that her memories could not be explained by ordinary means. He argued that the Shanti Devi case is a 'classic, well-documented example' of past-life memory that resists explanation by fraud, coincidence, or suggestion. He saw it as a strong evidence that consciousness can survive death and be reborn. Some of the highlights of the book include the following:

  • Accurate, verifiable recall - Shanti gave over 20 specific details about Lugdi Devi's life that were later confirmed by independent witnesses and records.

  • No normal information source - She had never visited Mathura or met Lugdi's family before the investigation.

  • Language anomaly - Spoke in a dialect consistent with Mathura, not her native Delhi dialect.

  • Emotional authenticity - Showed deep emotional bonds with her past-life family and discomfort with her current one.

  • Recognition without prompting - Identified people, places, and possessions spontaneously.

  • Medical knowledge - Described aspects of Caesarean procedures unusual for a child to know.

  • Consistency over time - Her story remained stable from early childhood through repeated questioning.

• The book: There Is a River by Thomas Sugrue, is both a biography and thematic exploration of the psychic readings of a medium by name Edgar Cayce. The book traces Edgar Cayce's life from his childhood through his career as a medical clairvoyant, spiritual teacher, and founder of the Association for Research and Enlightenment (A.R.E.). Some of Edgar Cayce's readings began referencing past lives as the source of present phobias, personality traits, or ailments. He is a devout Christian, and was initially troubled by reincarnation references, as they conflicted with his upbringing. He later accepted reincarnation as part of a larger spiritual framework that included karma, soul growth, and the continuity of consciousness. Some of the highlights of the book include the following:

  • Consistent past-life narratives - Multiple clients received readings describing detailed past lives - including names, locations, and historical periods - that matched known historical facts.

  • Causal links to present conditions - Physical ailments were sometimes traced to injuries or traumas in a previous life, such as birthmarks, linked to a past-life wound.

  • Behavioural and talent carryover - Skills, fears, or affinities such as musical ability and language familiarity, were explained as continuations from earlier incarnations.

  • Cross-referencing between readings - Edgar Cayce's reading for different people sometimes described overlapping past-life events or relationships, with consistent details across sessions.

  • Spiritual growth framework - Reincarnation was presented as a purposeful process for the soul's moral and spiritual development, not random rebirth.

  • Integration with karma - Life challenges were framed as opportunities to resolve past imbalances, interpreted through a Christian lens.

• Children’s past‑life memories, as documented by Dr. Ian Stevenson in his books Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation, Where Reincarnation and Biology Intersect, and European Cases of the Reincarnation Type, are considered the most extensive and methodologically rigorous body of research in the field of reincarnation studies. Dr. Stevenson documented hundreds of cases in which young children spontaneously recalled details of a previous life, often with striking accuracy. Some of the highlights of these books include the following:

  • Verified factual recall - Children recalled obscure details later confirmed by independent investigation. Some subjects recalled obscure, verifiable details about deceased individuals unknown to them.

  • Spontaneity of memories: Memories often arose without hypnosis or suggestion, reducing the likelihood of fabrication.

  • Behavioural continuities - Skills, fears, habits, and emotional responses carried over in ways not explained by genetics or upbringing.

  • Birthmarks/defects correlations - Physical anomalies corresponded to documented injuries of the claimed past life.

  • Early onset & fading - Memories typically emerged between ages 2-4 and faded by 6-8, suggesting a developmental window.

  • Cross-cultural consistency - Similar case structures in Europe and Asia suggests a universal phenomenon, not just cultural conditioning

  • Lack of normal information transfer - No plausible way for the child to have learned the information through ordinary means.

An understanding of reincarnation leads to an understanding of Divine Justice. An understanding of Divine Justice, in turn, leads to an understanding of Divine Love. Ultimately, one realises that Divine Justice and Divine Love cannot be fully explained or recognised without reincarnation, and that in this same recognition, one also comes to see that Divine Love and Divine Justice are, in essence, one and the same.

This article is based on the knowledge contained in the spiritual work entitled: 'In The Light of Truth: The Grail Message' by Abd-ru-shin.